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The
substitution of employment through
automated process in the
industrialized world will tend to
erode the competitive advantage of
the unqualified labor, which so far
constitutes the main comparative
advantage of LDCs. |
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There is still disagreement on whether greater
openness to financial flows can be a source of
instability and on the effects of capital controls
on the structure of inflows. |
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FDI is
induced by trade and promotes trade
as well. |
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FDI,
whether in manufacturing, services,
or resource extraction, generally
produces positive outcomes for the
country even when spillovers are
modest through competition and
linkage effects. |
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FDI
should generate more productive and
better paid employment. |
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FDI
can lead to an improvement in the
stock of skills, raise the level of
technology, improve access to
international markets and integrate
countries into international
production networks. |
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Capital movements and market
openness can stimulate financial
deepening and financial development,
the creation and strengthening of
institutions and the building of a
viable regulatory infrastructure to
be able to attract capital and
minimize volatility. |
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This will lead to higher growth
rates. |
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Financial flows lead
to more availability of equity
capital permitting companies to
diversify away from an excessive
dependence on banks and an increased
supply of venture capital which
facilitates the entry of new firms. |
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The
increase in the presence of and the
role played by foreign banks
accompanying globalization can lead
to more financial deepening, import
best practices and inject more
competition into the banking sector
(World Bank 1999). |
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