Socio-Economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo (1999)

Description
A survey on the Socio-Economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo (which includes the governorates of Cairo, Kalyubia, and Giza) interviewed approximately 4000 households during June and July 1998. Topics included work conditions in the formal and informal sectors, work conditions by gender, women's status in the labor market, child labor, the coverage of the insurance system for workers in formal and informal sectors, and unemployment conditions.
 

Collaborating institutions
Social Research Center of the American University in Cairo


Sponsor
Friedrich Ebert Stiftung


Related publications
Survey on Socio-Economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo. Final Report. By Heba Nassar. Social Research Center of the American University in Cairo. Cairo. 1999.
 

Contact person
Heba Nassar

Objectives of the Study
The main objective of the survey on Socio-Economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo is to study the socio-economic determinants of work in Greater Cairo. In addition, the survey aims to determine the differentials in work conditions between the formal and informal sectors, the gender differentials of work, the woman status in the labor market, child labor, the coverage of the insurance system for workers in the formal and informal sectors and the unemployment conditions.

Survey Design and Implementation
In order to achieve the objectives of the Survey, a multistage sample was designed using a frame derived from the sample of Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) which was conducted in 1995.

The target sample obtained from Greater Cairo is around 4000 completed households. Taking into consideration a non-response rate of 20% because it is urban, so this led to a sample of around 4800 households.

The survey was applied in Cairo, Kalyubia, and Giza Governorates of Greater Cairo.

Data Collection
Data collection of the survey extended for two months in June and July 1998, some apartments were found vacant because of summer vacation. To be able to fill the drop-out households, another small field study was conducted over the period from 15/9/1998 to 30/9/1998. 
 

Summary of Findings
(1) Prevalence of child labor

Distribution of households with and without working children (6-14 yrs)

  Count Percent
Have no working children 3228 97.9
Have working children 70 2.1
Total no. of households in the sample 3298 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of children  (6-14 years) by work status
  Count Percent
Working 171 5.3
Not working 3065 94.7
Total no. of children in the sample 3236 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) by age and by sex

  Males Females Total
Count Col. % Count Col. % Count Col. %
6-8 7 5.6 2 5.6 8 5.6
9-11 24 19.2 4 22.2 28 19.6
12-14 94 75.2 13 72.2 107 74.8
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 100.0 18 100.0 143 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) by place of work and by sex

  Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %
House 0.8 22.3 3.4
Street 12.8 33.2 15.4
Enterprise 86.4 44.5 81.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 18 143
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) by work after 6 p.m. and by sex

  Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %
Yes 78.2 55.6 75.4
Sometimes 9.7 11.0 9.8
No 12.1 33.4 14.8
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 18 143
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Average working time of the working child (6-14 yrs) by sex

  Males Females Total
Avg working hours/day 9.69 9.17 9.63
Avg working days/week 6.04 6.39 6.08
Avg daily rest period/hours 0.95 0.97 0.95
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 18 143
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Rest time during work of children (6-14 yrs) by sex

  Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %
Yes 98.4 66.6 86.6
No 10.6 33.4 13.4
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 18 143
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

(2) Factors contributing to child labor

Distribution of income from work of children (6-14 yrs) by sex

  Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %
Cash income 83.1 55.5 79.7
In-kind income 4.2 11.1 5.1
Unpaid 12.7 33.4 15.3
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 18 143
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Financial importance of work of children (6-14 yrs) by sex

 

 Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %

Financial help from the wages
Yes 68.4 100.0 71.1
No 31.6 0.0 28.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0

% income given to their families
All of it 31.4 80.2 37.3
Most of it 53.3 0.0 46.8
Part of it 15.3 19.8 15.9
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Work status of children (6-14 yrs) by work status of the head of household

 

Work status of the head of household
Unemployed Employed Total
Have working children 5.8 2.5 3.4
Have no working children 94.2 97.5 96.6
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of households in the sample 905 2393 3298
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

(3) Education and child labor

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) by whether or not they combine work and study, and by sex

  Males Females Total
Count Col. % Count Col. % Count Col. %
Yes 64 51.2 7 38.9 71 49.7
No 61 48.8 11 61.1 72 50.3
Total no. of working children in the sample 125 100.0 18 100.0 143 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) who are not currently in school, by educational status and by sex

Have attended school Males Females Total
Count Col. % Count Col. % Count Col. %
Ever 46 74.2 6 54.5 52 71.2
Never 16 25.8 5 45.5 21 28.8
Total no. of working children not currently in school, in the sample 62 100.0 11 100.0 73 100.0
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999) 

 

Distribution of working children (6-14 yrs) by educational level and by sex

  Males Females Total
Col. % Col. % Col. %
Primary 37.5 28.6 36.6
Preparatory 57.8 71.4 59.2
Secondary 4.7 0.0 4.2
Total 100.0 100.0 100.0
Total no. of working children in the sample 64 7 71
Source: Data from Socio-economic Conditions of Work in Greater Cairo Survey (1999)