Characteristics of the Technical Revolution

The industrial mass production necessitates long term economies of scale with levels of concentration and industrial organizational structures.

Competition has moved away from exclusive leadership product invention and innovation to competition for process of production. Technology which includes organization management product systems, marketing system, quality control is now important.

Dynamic industries are now no longer dominated by natural resources- metals, minerals and energy but are manufacturing industries that are based on electronics, new materials, biotechnology and chemicals.
The revolution in information and communicating is still vital.


Technological Structures of Manufacturing Exports by Region, 1985 &1998 (%)

Country Groups& Region

1985

1998

 

Resource Based

Low Tech.

Medium Tech.

High Tech.

Medium &High Tech.

Resource Based

Low Tech.

Medium Tech.

High Tech.

Medium &High Tech.

World

23.7

18.6

40.9

16.8

57.7

14.7

18.8

38.7

25.1

63.8

Industrial Countries

21.0

16.1

44.7

18.2

62.9

16.8

15.5

43.3

24.5

67.8

Transition Countries

-

-

-

-

-

26.4

26.7

34.9

12

46.9

 

Developing Countries

34.1

55.9

3.8

0.7

4.5

12.6

84

3.1

0.3

3.4

Least Developing Countries

39.6

55.9

3.8

0.7

4.5

12.6

84

3.1

0.3

3.4

East Asia

22.7

38.2

23.3

15.8

39.1

12.1

28.1

23.6

36.1

59.7

South Asia

32.3

55.8

9.2

2.8

12

21.4

62.8

11.4

4.4

15.8

Latin America

51.3

16.9

24.8

7

31.8

24.9

18.2

37.2

19.7

56.9

Sub-Saharan Africa

57.9

17.3

18.2

6.6

24.8

45.8

23.3

25.5

5.3

30.8

MENA Countries

59.9

24.5

14.1

1.5

15.6

39.9

37.6

18.8

3.7

22.5

Source: Fattah,Z. 2003